Multivariate models were built using significant variables in initial univariate analyses (purposive confirmatory method) and these models were similar to results obtained by stepwise regression models. The NCDs were modelled as dependent variables while the socio-demographic and lifestyle risk factors were independent variables. Pan Africa Medical Journal, 18; 26–31 However, by allowing everyone in the community to participate, we provided equal chance for participation in the survey and the reported estimates are similar to other reports in Lagos. J Nutr Metab. Prevalence of coronary heart diseases risk factors in adults population living in Nigeria’s largest Urban City. WHO. Manila: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific Region; 2009. Keywords: Geriatrics, Hospital, Morbidity, Non-communicable diseases, Rural Nigeria 1. A framework for surveillance: the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance of noncommunicable diseases (STEPS). Also, most of them were employed, even though their occupation were not disclosed but leaving home for work place every day might require walking among most participants. Adeloye D, et al. There are also more than 200,000 cases of stroke recorded yearly in Nigeria. Cross tabulation of behavioural risk factors by socio-demographic factors was not computed which makes it difficult to observe the categories of participants that exhibited one habit more than the other. 1 15 UN and international al agencies joined forces with the Government of Nigeria. WHO: WHO; 1991. https://doi.org/10.2307/2290547. Hence the need for targeted preventive and therapeutic interventions among this population. Article
We thank the residents of Ijegun-Isheri Osun, Lagos state, who willingly participated in this study to expand the frontiers of knowledge. 2016;13:67–75.
A participant was considered to have hypertension on the basis of self-reported history of hypertension and/or the use of blood pressure-lowering medication and/or documented blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg [18]. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of the major risk factors of NCDs among civil servants in Ibadan, Nigeria. The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. dyspepsia. in 1–25; 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13958-2_1. The differences in our findings and that of the earlier studies could be due to differences in study populations, the sampling techniques used, and the prevailing lifestyles present in these different communities. They are of long duration and generally slow progression. Noncommunicable Diseases in Nigeria. Low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) are likely to suffer a greater burden of these diseases compared to the developed nations because of their limited healthcare financing for NCDs, and their relatively weak and unprepared health systems for these diseases [7,8,9,10]. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hft061. Prepared by the staff of Partners in Health in collaboration with Rwandan specialists, this book rethinks aspects of non-communicable disease management in rural populations such as Rwanda. NCDs are not only public health problems. The remaining 3% of the population live in the malaria free highlands. J Immigr Minor Health. Civil servants are at risk of NCDs because of the stressful and sedentary nature of their work. Raised blood pressure, the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has become a global concern. The agency's goal is to protect Nigerians from the impact of communicable diseases through the coordination of public health preparedness, surveillance . This report reviews the scientific evidence on the effects of diet, nutrition and physical activity on chronic diseases and makes recommendations for public health policies and programmes. The questionnaire was based on the modified WHO Stepwise protocol which consists of three steps (screening questionnaire, physical indices measurement and biochemical measurement) [19, 20]. Recommendations for routine blood pressure measurement by indirect cuff sphygmomanometry. The study respondents were residents of the Ijegun- Isheri Osun community, Lagos State, Nigeria who participated in a population preventive health campaign on the 29th and 30th of June, 2018. For future studies, using more objective means of assessing physical activity like pedometers and accelerometers would give more accurate estimates. BMJ Open. Conclusion: Careers. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The prevalence of selected risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Hargeisa, Somaliland: a cross-sectional study. Ajayi I, Sowemimo I, Akpa O, Ossai N. Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among residents of Ibadan - North LocalGovernment Area of Nigeria. The surveillance of NCD risk factors is one of the key strategies advocated to tackle these emerging public health concerns, particularly in low and middle income countries. 10. This was a cross-sectional study and it is difficult to prove temporal associations and causality between the NCDs and the epidemiologic NCD risk factors.
Those who were diagnosed with the conditions reported were counselled and they were provided with health education. The Global Burden of Disease framework, originally published in 1990, has been widely adopted as the preferred method for health accounting and has become the standard to guide the setting of health research priorities. This study is the first research work on remittances conducted in Nigeria and reveals the actual state of its remittance market. Translated into 7 languages, this work distinguishes itself from other public health textbooks, which are either highly locally oriented or, if international, lack the specificity of local issues relevant to students' understanding of ... The baseline characteristics of the respondents are shown in Table 1 below. The afro-cardiac study: cardiovascular disease risk and acculturation in west African immigrants in the United States: rationale and study design. 2015;25:521–4. It assesses the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Nigeria and its relationship with globalization. Sani MU, Wahab KW, Yusuf BO, Gbadamosi M, Johnson OV. Google Scholar. STEPS Manual 2014. They were then referred to the nearest general hospital for follow up. Dyslipidaemia contributes to atherosclerosis through endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and insulin resistance. Blood pressure status was categorized into normal, pre-hypertension and elevated blood pressure readings using the cut-offs of the European Society of Cardiology [24]. Age ≥ 60 years (aOR 8.83; 95% CI: 1.88–41.55) was an independent predictor of diabetes. It is known that unhealthy lifestyle habits are prevalent in urban cities and industrial hubs in Nigeria [32, 33]. 2014;13:1–10. Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: very high (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever. We perhaps underestimated the level of physical inactivity in our study because of the subjective method of assessment in the use of self-reported questionnaires. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. There is a need to evaluate the enormity or otherwise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) burden in such low resource settings. The chapters focus on lay and institutional meanings, experiences and responses to chronic conditions in selected countries in Africa, Europe and the Caribbean. This book was originally published as a special issue of Ethnicity and Health. Noncommunicable diseases: the slow motion disaster. There is a need to evaluate the enormity or otherwise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) burden in
Prevalence rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Among the NCD risk factors, the prevalence of smoking was 41.3% (95% CI 34.2–48.6), alcohol consumption 72.5% (95% CI 65.5–78.7), and physical activity 52.9 (95% CI 45.5–60.2). Supplementary Table and Figures. PLoS One. A survey of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors among university employees: a single institutional study. Khorrami et al.
ASO conceptualised this study, planned the methodology, analysed the data and participated in report writing. NAIJAHEALTH survey interviewer administered questionnaire. 2021 Mar 5;21(1):442. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10482-9. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 606 civil servants in Oyo State using a two-stage cluster sampling technique. A framework for surveillance: the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance of noncommunicable diseases (STEPS). The major NCDs in Ghana are cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases and sickle cell disease. Age, being employed and dyslipidaemia were independent predictors of hypertension as shown in Table 4 below. Larger surveys of these nature are needed for policy formulation. This is especially in keeping with the higher physical activity observed in males. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of the major risk factors of NCDs among civil servants in Ibadan, Nigeria. Maher D, Sekajugo J. [16] have reported hypertension prevalence, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and physical inactivity prevalence of 35, 4.6, 47.1 and 92% respectively in traders in a popular Lagos market. Your support matters. Mudie K, Jin MM, Tan, Kendall L, Addo J, Dos-Santos-Silva I, Quint J, Smeeth L, Cook S, Nitsch D, Natamba B, Gomez-Olive FX, Ako A, Perel P. J Glob Health. Using recent household data, this book presents evidence of the impact of insurance programs in China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ghana, Indonesia, Namibia, and Peru. 2017;23(7):469–79. Over 75% of the population had at least two NCD risk factors and the study participants had an average of 3 NCD risk factors 3.01 (95% CI: 2.88-3.14) The female gender was significantly associated with an increased risk for abdominal obesity (AOR 27.9; 95% CI: 12.09-64.6) and being overweight or obese (AOR 6.78; 95% CI: 3.53-13.01), but was protective of smoking (AOR 0.21; 95% CI: 0.07-0.61) and binge drinking (AOR 0.04; 95% CI: 0.01-0.45). Also, our sample size is modest and may have biased some of the estimates. These findings could then go on to aid the development of new treatments and health policies, which will have global benefits. [15] found that 38% of rural residents in Nigeria had 2 or more NCD risk factors while Odugbemi et al. “WASHED” stands for weight control, alcohol reduction, smoking cessation, health promotion, exercise and diet. This is because it is increasingly putting a . Aryal KK, Mehata S, Neupane S, Vaidya A, Dhimal M, Dhakal P, Rana S, Bhusal CL, Lohani GR, Paulin FH, Garg RM, Guthold R, Cowan M, Riley LM, Karki KB. WHO Nigeria country representative, Dr Walter . Aim The aim of this paper was to determine the trend of kidney disease, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), anaemia . Despite this, caution should be exercised in generalising the reported estimates to the whole of the Ijegun-Isheri Osun community or other communities in Lagos. Non-communicable diseases have been projected to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria by 2030 [28, 29]. 7.
Two readings were taken at intervals of at least 2 min, and the average of the readings was used to represent the patient’s blood pressure [19]. We plan to conduct more surveys across Nigeria’s 6 socio-political regions in the future. Willing Is Not Enough; We Must Do—von Goethe. Geneva; 2014. p. 1–207. eCollection 2014. Minimum sample size was calculated using the formula [17]: Zα/2 = the standard normal deviate corresponding to a level of significance of 0.05 is 1.96. p = the prevalence rate of hypertension in Abia communities by Ogah et al [18] i.e. 2003;21:1983–92. Executive Summary (The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General). Estimating the prevalence , hospitalisation and mortality from type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Google Scholar. 1992;5:207–9. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134834. 2017;69:404–6. Use the links below to access all documents pertaining to surveys implemented by the country. The STEPS Instrument and Support Materials 2014. 2014;18:13. The mean age of the civil servants was 43.0±10.3 and 53.8% were males. Physical activity was negatively associated with dyslipidaemia. Lagos being the “de facto” industrial capital of Nigeria is a multi-ethnic society undergoing rapid social and lifestyle dynamics of an industrialised urban society. 2016;18:1301–8. eCollection 2015. Furthermore, there are clear gaps in the evidence for successful implementation of NCD interventions within the primary health care setting in Sub Saharan African countries. There was a significant association between increasing age and smoking, which was similar to other existing reports [19]. All ministries of health need to set national NCD targets and lead the development and implementation of policies and interventions to attain them. [1,,2] Although aging is perceived as a Participants who had severe cognitive impairment that mitigated against remembering past events or giving reliable medical history were excluded from the study.
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